When building forms in React, you’ll likely decide between Controlled and Uncontrolled components. Both manage input fields—but they work in fundamentally different ways. Understanding their strengths and trade-offs helps you build predictable and performant forms. 🎯 What Are Controlled Components?…

When you type a URL in your browser and press Enter, a series of coordinated steps transform your code into the polished web page you see. This process, known as the Browser Rendering Pipeline, is critical to how quickly and…

When building React applications, you’ll frequently encounter two fundamental concepts: props and state. While they both help manage data in your components, they serve very distinct roles. Understanding the difference between props and state is essential for writing clean, maintainable…

🧠 Why the Event Loop Matters JavaScript runs on a single thread, yet it handles asynchronous tasks like timers, I/O, and UI interactions seamlessly. The magic behind this concurrency? The Event Loop. It coordinates how JavaScript schedules, queues, and executes…

If you’re using TanStack Query (formerly known as React Query) to manage server state in your frontend application, you’ve probably come across two important settings: staleTime and gcTime. At first glance, both deal with caching and data retention — but…

JavaScript is a single-threaded language—meaning it processes one operation at a time. But then how does it handle asynchronous behavior like user events, timers, and network requests so efficiently? The answer lies in the Event Loop, a foundational mechanism that…

Ever wondered how JavaScript knows where to store variables, which this refers to, or which scope to look into? Welcome to the Execution Context—the hidden environment that makes your code run just as you expect. Let’s unpack what it is,…

As front-end developers, understanding how browsers render pages can significantly improve your app’s performance. Two key processes in the rendering pipeline are reflow and repaint. Let’s break down what each does, why they matter, and how you can optimize them.…

Closures are one of those JavaScript fundamentals that tech interviews love — and for good reason. But beyond the interview stage, they’re a powerful pattern to master. In this post, we’ll unpack what closures are, how they work, and why…